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Scientists take big step towards universal flu vaccine

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Author Topic: Scientists take big step towards universal flu vaccine  (Read 411 times)
Mark
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« on: September 27, 2013, 07:21:45 am »

Scientists take big step towards universal flu vaccine

The influenza virus is a constantly shifting target so seasonal flu vaccines rapidly become useless and new ones are needed each year.

A team at Imperial College London say they have made a "blueprint" for a universal flu vaccine.

Their discovery is published in the journal Nature Medicine.

Influenza is able to change the proteins that protrude from the surface of the virus as readily as people change outfits.

However, the material on the inside is common to many strains of flu. Vaccine researchers believe targeting the core of the virus may be the way to develop a universal vaccine.
 
A specific part of the immune system, called T-cells, is thought to be able to recognise proteins in the core. A team at Imperial used the 2009 swine flu pandemic to test the theory.

Milder symptoms
 
Swine flu was a new virus from a mix of bird and pig flu.

The outer shell should have been a completely new experience to the immune system, but the core may have been encountered before in other flu viruses.

The team compared levels of one kind of T-cells at the start of the pandemic with symptoms of flu in 342 staff and students at the university.

They showed that the higher the levels of the T-cells a patient had, the milder their symptoms were.

Researchers then teased out the specific part of the immune system that offered some pandemic flu protection and which part of the virus it was attacking.

Prof Ajit Lalvani, who led the study, told the BBC: "It's a blueprint for a vaccine. We know the exact subgroup of the immune system and we've identified the key fragments in the internal core of the virus. These should be included in a vaccine.

"In truth, in this case it is about five years [away from a vaccine]. We have the know-how, we know what needs to be in the vaccine and we can just get on and do it."

'Long journey'
This would be a distinct approach compared with other forms of vaccination, such as the MMR jab. These trigger the immune system to produce antibodies that can attack an invader.

The prize could be huge. Seasonal flu kills between 250,000 and 500,000 people each year and new pandemics have the potential to take doctors by surprise and kill large numbers of people.

Yet the researchers admit it is "generally harder" to develop a T-cell vaccine than provoke an antibody response. The challenge will be to get a big enough T-cell response to offer protection and a response that will last.

Prof John Oxford, of Queen Mary University of London, said: "This sort of effect can't be that powerful or we'd never have pandemics. It's not going to solve all the problems of influenza, but could add to the range of vaccines.

"It's going to be a long journey from this sort of paper to translating it into a vaccine that works."

Prof Sarah Gilbert, who is developing a universal flu vaccine at the

Jenner Institute in Oxford, said: "Live attenuated influenza vaccines which are given by nasal spray and will be used in children in the UK from this autumn are much better at increasing the number of influenza-specific T cells, but these vaccines only work in young children who haven't yet had much exposure to influenza virus, so we need an alternative approach for adults.

"The new publication contains information on the precise characteristics of the influenza-specific T cells which were protective, and this information will be useful in monitoring the immune response to vaccination when testing novel influenza vaccines which are designed to provide protection against pandemic as well as seasonal influenza viruses."

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-24175030
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Psalm 51:17
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« Reply #1 on: September 27, 2013, 11:24:44 am »

The local stores in my area like Albertsons, CVS Pharmacy, etc have really been pushing vaccines since late summer.(ie-Albertsons employees would wear "take flu shots" t-shirts) This is the first time I've seen them pushing it like this.

Seriously - just using logic alone, do people really get the flu in hot weather? Why this early?
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Kilika
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« Reply #2 on: September 27, 2013, 02:33:38 pm »

Well, the wife at her job is involved with vaccines, ordering them, etc. and it really doesn't matter when stores try to offer them, because they are released only at certain times, and usually in batches. She's mentioned how she's noticed stores trying to jump the situation in commercials, etc. All it does is cause people to run to their primary care doctor when it isn't even available yet. Happens every year. It's the love of money.
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« Reply #3 on: September 27, 2013, 02:38:44 pm »

Well, the wife at her job is involved with vaccines, ordering them, etc. and it really doesn't matter when stores try to offer them, because they are released only at certain times, and usually in batches. She's mentioned how she's noticed stores trying to jump the situation in commercials, etc. All it does is cause people to run to their primary care doctor when it isn't even available yet. Happens every year. It's the love of money.

That's what it is. I've always wondered why they would release them in batches like this.
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